[Clinical evaluation of a selective inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis: pravastatin]

Abstract

The recent introduction in clinical practice of a new class of drugs able to reduce the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol has undoubtedly made a noteworthy contribution to the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia which, as is well known, is one of the greatest risk factors in the natural history of atherosclerotic disease and of its cardiovascular complications. A last generation drug belonging to this family is pravastatin which differs from the other substances inhibiting the activity of the key enzyme of cholesterol metabolism, HMGCaA reductase, because of certain features of the molecule, such as hydrophilia and the fact it is already pharmacologically active at the moment of oral administration. Pravastatin, which is probably a special category of HMGCoA reductase inhibitor, has shown, in numerous experimental studies and controlled clinical trials, a notable effectiveness in reducing in a highly selective fashion the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver cells and consequently the number of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in the systemic circulation, without also determining significant biologically negative side-effects.