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Clinical Trial
. 2003 Dec;89(12):1442-4.
doi: 10.1136/heart.89.12.1442.

Importance of beta blockade in the treatment of advanced heart failure

R S Gardner, W Martin, R Carter, T A McDonagh
Clinical Trial

Importance of beta blockade in the treatment of advanced heart failure

R S Gardner et al. Heart. 2003 Dec.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan-Meier survival curves for patients receiving (dashed line) or not receiving (solid line) a β blocker at baseline against all cause mortality and the combined end point of death or urgent transplantation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Cleland PJ, McGowan J, Clark A. The evidence for beta-blockers in heart failure. BMJ 1999;318:824–5. - PMC - PubMed
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    1. Witte K, Thackray S, Clark AL, et al. Clinical trials update: IMPROVEMENT-HF, COPERNICUS, MUSTIC, ASPECT-II, APRICOT and HEART. Eur J Heart Failure 2000;2:455–60. - PubMed
    1. Waagstein F, Bristow M, Swedberg K, et al. for the Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet 1993;342:1441–6. - PubMed

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