Reduction in homocysteine by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after 1 year in a randomised double-blind study following an acute myocardial infarction: no effect on endothelial adhesion properties

Abstract

We hypothesized that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) as compared to corn oil administered for 1 year following an acute myocardial infarction (MI) may reduce plasma total homocysteine (p-tHcy), ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (microCRP), and the adhesive properties of the endothelium, expressed as soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1). In a prospective, randomised, double-blind study, 300 acute MI patients were allocated to highly concentrated n-3 PUFAs (n = 150) or corn oil (n = 150). After 1 year on treatment there was an intergroup difference in p-tHcy in favour of the n-3 group (n = 118), p = 0.022. However, sE-selectin, sICAM-1 and microCRP were unaffected by the treatment. In conclusion, reduction of p-tHcy by long-term n-3 PUFAs treatment was not associated with demonstrable effects on markers of endothelial adhesion properties.