Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2003 Nov;9(11):1444-52.
doi: 10.3201/eid0911.030084.

Triosephosphate isomerase gene characterization and potential zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis

Irshad M Sulaiman  1 , Ronald Fayer, Caryn Bern, Robert H Gilman, James M Trout, Peter M Schantz, Pradeep Das, Altaf A Lal, Lihua Xiao
Affiliations

Triosephosphate isomerase gene characterization and potential zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis

Irshad M Sulaiman et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Nov.

Abstract

To address the source of infection in humans and public health importance of Giardia duodenalis parasites from animals, nucleotide sequences of the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) gene were generated for 37 human isolates, 15 dog isolates, 8 muskrat isolates, 7 isolates each from cattle and beavers, and 1 isolate each from a rat and a rabbit. Distinct genotypes were found in humans, cattle, beavers, dogs, muskrats, and rats. TPI and small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of G. microti from muskrats were also generated and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis on the TPI sequences confirmed the formation of distinct groups. Nevertheless, a major group (assemblage B) contained most of the human and muskrat isolates, all beaver isolates, and the rabbit isolate. These data confirm that G. duodenalis from certain animals can potentially infect humans and should be useful in the detection, differentiation, and taxonomy of Giardia spp.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Phylogenetic relationships of Giardia parasites inferred by the neighbor-joining analysis of the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) nucleotide sequences.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Variation in the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) nucleotide sequences of G. duodenalis isolates belonging to the assemblage B. Twelve distinct subtypes of G. duodenalis based on the these sequences were evident within assemblage B. The isolates representing these subtypes (S1–S12) as follows: S1 (341, 2578, 2579, 2580, 2586, 2587, 2879, 2890, 2895, 2920, 2924, 2926, 2935, 4599, 4600); S2 (2582, 2583, 2589, 2932); S3 (2506, 2536, 2917); S4 (2590, 2887, 2913, 2915, 2930); S5 (2902); S6 (2877); S7 (2900); S8 (2901); S9 (1653, 1654, 1655, 3469, 3470, 3495, 3500, 3518, 3599); S10 (3565, 3569); S11 (3577); and S12 (1758). Dots denote sequence identity to GenBank accession no. L02116; dashes denote sequence information not obtained.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Genetic variation in the nucleotide sequences of Giardia microti parasites in the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) (a) and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) (b) genes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Thompson RCA, Hopkins RA, Homan WL. Nomenclature and genetic groupings of Giardia infecting mammals. Parasitol Today. 2000;16:210–8. 10.1016/S0169-4758(99)01624-5 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Filice FP. Studies on the cytology and life history of a Giardia from the laboratory rat. Univ Calif Publ Zool. 1952;57:53–46.
    1. Erlandsen SL, Bemrick WL. SEM evidences for a new species, Giardia psittaci. J Parasitol. 1987;73:623–9. 10.2307/3282146 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Erlandsen SL, Bemrick WJ, Wellis CL, Feely DE, Kundson L, Cambell SR, et al. Axenic culture and characterization of Giardia ardeae from the great blue heron (Ardea herodias). J Parasitol. 1990;76:717–24. 10.2307/3282988 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Feely DE. Morphology of the cyst of Giardia microti by light and electron microscopy. J Protozool. 1988;35:52–4. - PubMed

Substances