Does mitogen-induced antibody production by normal blood cells mimic spontaneous production in lupus?

Abstract

Blood cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) showed a raised level of spontaneous IgG production that included antibodies to DNA and to common environmental antigens (influenza virus haemagglutinin, adenovirus hexon and mannan from Candida albicans). In contrast, no IgG antibody was produced against an antigen not normally encountered in the UK (egg antigen from Schistosoma mansoni) or a self-antigen not generally associated with SLE (thyroglobulin). IgM production was raised to a lesser extent and only antibodies to DNA were detected. When normal cells were stimulated with pokeweed mitogen or S. aureus organisms, the specificity pattern of IgG production was similar to that described above for SLE with the major exception of the absence of IgG anti-DNA. IgM antibodies to DNA and all the other antigens were detected, but the specificity of the IgM ELISA assays for the protein antigens needs further clarification. The activity of IgM anti-DNA relative to total IgM was far greater in the SLE system. These results provide further evidence that a response to self-antigen is required for production of pathogenic IgG autoantibodies in SLE.