Clinical performance of immunoreactive tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b as a marker of bone resorption

Abstract

Previous immunoassays developed for the measurement of serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) have lacked specificity for osteoclastic TRACP, TRACP 5b, or have not shown satisfactory clinical performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of a novel immunocapture activity assay for TRACP 5b, in comparison to telopeptide fragments of type I collagen. Within-subject variability and the effect of feeding on TRACP 5b and telopeptides of type I collagen were assessed in 20 healthy premenopausal women. Diurnal variation of TRACP 5b and serum beta C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (sbetaCTX) was assessed in 12 healthy postmenopausal women. Renal clearance was assessed in 19 end stage renal failure patients undergoing routine haemodialysis. Response to antiresorptive treatment and calcium supplementation was assessed in osteoporotic postmenopausal women treated with alendronate and calcium (n = 16) or with calcium alone (n = 7) for 24 weeks.Within-subject variability (CVi) of TRACP 5b was 6.6%, lower than CVi of urinary and serum telopeptides. TRACP 5b decreased by 2.4 +/- 0.8%, in response to feeding (P < 0.05) compared to 7.0 +/- 2.6% to 7.9 +/- 3.7% for urinary telopeptides (P < 0.05 to < 0.01) and 8.5 +/- 1.7% to 17.8 +/- 2.6% for serum telopeptides (P < 0.0001). The amplitude of the diurnal rhythm for TRACP 5b was small compared to that of sbetaCTX, 14 +/- 4% vs. 137 +/- 14%. Haemodialysis did not have a significant effect on TRACP 5b but reduced sbetaCTX by 46 +/- 4% (P < 0.0001). In response to alendronate, TRACP 5b decreased by 39 +/- 4% compared to 49 +/- 4% to 69 +/- 5% for urinary telopeptides and 75 +/- 8% for sbetaCTX. We conclude that TRACP 5b shows an attenuated response to antiresorptive therapy in comparison with other markers of bone resorption, but that this may be offset by lower biological variability. TRACP 5b may provide useful additional information about bone resorption.