Oxygenation and hemodynamics in left and right cerebral hemispheres during induction of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Abstract

Objective: Oxygenation and hemodynamics in the left and right cerebral hemispheres were measured during induction of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).

Study design: Using near infrared spectrophotometry, effects of right common carotid artery (RCCA) and right internal jugular vein (RIJV) ligation and start of VA-ECMO on concentrations of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were evaluated in 10 newborn infants. Mean cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in the major cerebral arteries was compared before and after the start of VA-ECMO (pulsed Doppler ultrasonography).

Results: RCCA ligation caused a decrease in oxyhemoglobin concentration and an increase in deoxyhemoglobin concentration. RIJV ligation caused no changes. Sixty minutes after the start of VA-ECMO, oxyhemoglobin concentration and CBV had increased, and deoxyhemoglobin concentration had decreased. There were no differences between the hemispheres. Mean CBFV had increased in the left internal carotid artery, and it increased equally in both middle cerebral arteries. Flow direction was reversed in the right internal carotid artery. Three patients had asymmetric cerebral lesions, not related to differences in the measurements between the cerebral hemispheres.

Conclusion: The initiation of VA-ECMO causes changes in cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics but without a difference in effect on left and right cerebral hemispheres.