Pyramid of progressive force exercises to the injured flexor tendon

Abstract

Postoperative rehabilitation for patients who have sustained a laceration to their flexor tendon apparatus is an important factor in maximizing functional outcome. Quality rehabilitation is characterized by the development of a tailored exercise regimen. There is currently no model available to tailor an exercise regimen for a person with an atypical physiologic response pattern. If rehabilitation protocols were classified according to the criteria of forces applied across a tendon juncture and/or excursion, and a clinical method were available to assist in the identification of optimal tendon loading and/or excursion application, then those individuals with atypical response patterns could be treated more efficiently and effectively. The author conducted a literature review and case study. A model for systematic application of progressive loading exercises to the intrasynovial flexor tendon injury and repair is conceptually developed. The model consists of a pyramidal series of eight specific rehabilitation exercises in the following sequence: passive protected extension, place and hold, active composite fist, hook and straight fist, isolated joint motion, resistive composite fist, resistive hook and straight fist, and resistive isolated joint motion. Concepts are developed to implement a three-point clinical adhesion-grading system. Clinical application of the system is highlighted. An excellent outcome was considered 112% total active motion. A model for systematic application of progressive loading exercises has been conceptually developed in concert with a method for determination of optimal tendon loading. Further substantiation is necessary to validate the proposed theory.