Gaps in the anion gap

Abstract

Objective: To review limitations of the use of serum anion gap in clinical practice.

Data sources: Original reports and reviews.

Study selection: Sources containing the most recent pertinent information.

Data synthesis: Theoretical and practical limitations beset the use of serum anion gap. Awareness of these limitations reduces but does not eliminate wrong diagnoses based on the anion gaps.

Conclusions: Serum anion gap has a limited value in the differential diagnosis of acid-base disorders and can be misleading.