Analysis of PSP toxins in Norwegian mussels by a post-column derivatization HPLC method

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement between the AOAC mouse bioassay and an HPLC method for determining Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxicity in blue mussels from the Norwegian coast. The AOAC mouse bioassay has traditionally been used for determining the toxin levels. Recently, an HPLC method for determining PSP toxins has been implemented and run in parallel with the bioassay. Four hundred mussel extracts from the last six years were analysed with both methods. A highly significant linear correlation between the methods was achieved (r = 0.84). However, the relation between the two methods was best described by a second-degree polynom. Totally, this model explained 87% of the variation in the HPLC method. By agreement analysis, it was possible to establish cut-off levels for the HPLC method related to the AOAC mouse bioassay with kappa values >0.80 for toxicity levels below 500 MU/100 g. The HPLC method could substitute the mouse bioassay in determining PSP toxicity in Norwegian mussels. Additionally, about 70 mussel samples were also analysed by the MIST Alert trade mark test kit. The kit did not give any false negative results compared with the regulatory limit, but 30% of the samples below the cut point were also determined as positive.