Total hip arthroplasty in patients 50 years and younger

Abstract

Because the young patient with a total hip arthroplasty is presumed to place increased demands on a reconstruction for a longer period than the average patient with a hip replacement, long-term results are expected to be inferior. To determine the efficacy of total hip replacements in this population, the current authors reviewed the long-term results of patients who were 50 years and younger who had cementless total hip arthroplasties at their institution, and reviewed the literature on total hip arthroplasty in younger patients. The results from the study population and the literature were encouraging. At the author's institute, during the past 20 years, 561 hip replacements were done on 488 patients in this age group, using extensively porous-coated cobalt-chromium stems matched with beaded, press-fit acetabular components of cobalt-chrome or titanium. Using the Kaplan-Meier technique, the survival rates for femoral and acetabular components, using any revision as an end point, were 89% at 10-year followup and 60% at 15-year followup. A subset of the authors' patients who were 40 years and younger (256 hips, 223 patients) had slightly inferior results, with 85% 10-year survivorship and 54% 15-year survivorship, using any revision as an end point. A comprehensive literature review also showed that long-term success can be achieved with cemented or cementless total hip arthroplasties in young patients. Because some reconstructions exhibited inferior results in younger patients, the authors recommend that surgeons be much more critical of the components used in these patients and allow long-term data to guide their decisions.