A technique to excise the descemet membrane from a recipient cornea (descemetorhexis)

Abstract

Objective: To describe a technique for excision of the Descemet membrane (DM) from the recipient eye for preparation of a recipient stromal bed in posterior lamellar keratoplasty.

Methods: In 10 human eye bank eyes and 3 patients, recipient eyes had a 5.0-mm scleral tunnel incision made extending 1.0 mm into the peripheral cornea at the 12 o'clock surgical position. The anterior chamber was completely filled with air, and a reflective glide was placed through the incision onto the iris, to better visualize DM. A 9.0-mm mark was made onto the corneal epithelium to outline the area from which the Descemet membrane was to be removed. With a custom-made scraper, the DM was then carefully stripped off the posterior stroma by loosening the membrane at the 6 o'clock position and pulling it toward the incision at 12 o'clock. The excised DMs were evaluated by light and electron microscopy.

Results: In all recipient eyes, DM could be easily and completely removed from the posterior corneal stroma. Microscopy showed isolated DMs without stromal tissue elements.

Conclusion: With the technique described, DM can be excised in a controlled fashion without damaging the posterior corneal stroma, to quickly create a recipient stromal bed before implantation of a donor posterior lamellar disk in posterior lamellar keratoplasty.