Knowledge deficit in the ophthalmic surgical patient

Abstract

This case history illustrates some important aspects of the informational needs of ophthalmic surgery patients. As is true with many ophthalmic patients, this patient had a relatively high level of anxiety regarding his potential loss of vision postoperatively. This concern is magnified in a monocular patient. The nurse must help these patients put this concern in the proper perspective by providing accurate information. The nurse who performs such extensive preoperative teaching takes on a role that entails a great deal of responsibility. A planned program of information with written objectives and an outline of the important information to include will help the nurse provide a high level of care in meeting the knowledge needs of the patient. It is not necessary, or even desirable, to develop a plan for each individual patient. A written outline of important and necessary information for each type of ophthalmic surgical procedure provides a means of assuring that the teaching plan is complete and accurate. The information in the teaching plan should be validated by other physician and nurse colleagues. A written plan can save time once it is developed, because the nurse can follow the standard plan, modifying the presentation to meet each patient's specific needs as necessary. The patient indicated feeling somewhat overwhelmed with information when faced with his ophthalmic surgery. It is very important to ensure that the patient and appropriate significant others get both verbal and written information in these situations. The written information gives the patient and his or her family a reference to use when they return home and begin to assimilate more of the information given to them by the nurse. The patient in this case history and his wife both referred to the written instructions several times before and after the operation to verify certain information. The written materials presented information at an appropriate reading level and had large well-spaced print. Repetition (whether verbal or in written format) is important because it reinforces important aspects of the necessary information. The nurse at the surgical facility repeated the postoperative requirements to the patient and his wife before they left the center and made sure that they had the written instructions as well. The nurse demonstrated the necessary motor skills and gave the patient and his wife the opportunity to return the demonstration.