Control of hepatic and intestinal blood flow: effect of isovolaemic haemodilution on blood flow and oxygen uptake in the intact liver and intestines

Abstract

1. Limited isovolaemic haemodilution was produced in cats by addition of dextran 75-Ringer solution to an extracorporeal blood reservoir connected in series with the cat. Total hepatic venous outflow was neasured using a hepatic venous long-circuit and hepatic arterial flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow probe. Oxygen uptake was monitored in the guts and liver. Na-pentobarbitone anaesthesia was used. 2. Following reduction of the haematocrit (from 31 to 22) the oxygen uptake of the gut segment and liver were maintained. Gut conductance increased to 125% of control while the oxygen extraction ratio increased to only 109%. The hepatic arterial conductance did not change in spite of a greatly reduced (to 68%) oxygen delivery. Hepatic extraction increased to 140% of control. 3. The hepatic artery did not dilate to maintain constant oxygen supply to the liver thus confirming our previous observation that blood flow is not coupled to hepatic metabolism. 4. Oxygen extraction in the gut correlated well with changes in portal blood flow but not with changes in vascular conductance, arterial blood pressure or oxygen delivery. 5. The blood flow of the gut (vascular beds draining into the portal vein in the splenectomized preparation) was controlled in a manner that prevented changes in portal venous PO2 in spite of a reduction in oxygen content. Local PO2 and perhaps pH, are suggested as the factors controlling gut blood flow following haemodilution. 6. Changes in portal blood flow correlated with changes in portal vascular (intrahepatic) conductance such that increased portal flow produced an increased portal conductance thereby maintaining portal venous pressure constant.