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Case Reports
. 2004 May;23(5):408-11.
doi: 10.1007/s10096-004-1131-7. Epub 2004 Apr 27.

Leprosy and AIDS: two cases of increasing inflammatory reactions at the start of highly active antiretroviral therapy

P Pignataro  1 , A da Silva Rocha, J A C Nery, A Miranda, A M Sales, H Ferrreira, V Valentim, P N Suffys
Affiliations
Case Reports

Leprosy and AIDS: two cases of increasing inflammatory reactions at the start of highly active antiretroviral therapy

P Pignataro et al. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004 May.

Abstract

Reported here are the cases of two HIV-positive patients with skin lesions suggestive of leprosy, based on clinical and pathological analysis, which worsened during the few weeks following initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The lesions improved after a few weeks of multidrug therapy for leprosy. Mycobacterium leprae was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of blood in case 1 and of a biopsy sample in case 2. Neither Mycobacterium avium complex nucleic acid, which is usually associated with immune restoration syndrome, nor mycobacterial cutaneous manifestations were detected in either case.

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