The pivotal role of matrix metalloproteinases in the development of human abdominal aortic aneurysms

Abstract

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) represent a chronic degenerative condition and impart the risk of a life-threatening episode of rupture. Chronic inflammation and destructive remodeling of the extracellular matrix of the aortic wall constitute trademarks of this entity. Multiple studies have implicated a group of locally produced matrix endopeptidases-the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-as the main culprits of this process. For this reason, extensive research on the identification of the role of these enzymes, as well as possible alternative pharmacological treatments of AAAs, has taken place during the last few years. The exact role of the several members of the group of metalloproteinases has already been discovered, and conservative therapeutic strategies oriented towards these agents have been suggested, but a definite treatment plan is still a controversial topic. The possible role of a genetic predisposition to AAAs is another crucial topic that remains to be determined, as it would render the confrontation of this condition much more efficient.