Efficiency of dietary methionine utilization by young pigs

Abstract

An assay was conducted to determine the efficiency of dietary methionine retention for protein accretion in 14-kg pigs. During an 18-d feeding period, pigs were fed a chemically defined amino acid basal diet [147.7 g protein (N x 6.25)/kg, 14.43 MJ metabolizable energy/kg, 4000 mg L-cystine/kg] containing 1150, 1725 or 2300 mg L-methionine/kg. Linear (P less than 0.01) responses in daily gain, daily food intake, daily methionine intake, gain:food ratio and empty body weight gain were obtained as dietary methionine level increased. Representative pigs were killed at the beginning of the assay for whole-body compositional analysis, and the comparative slaughter technique was used to estimate methionine retention. Absolute retention of methionine, protein, water, fat and ash increased linearly (P less than 0.05) with dietary methionine supplementation. Regressing methionine retained on methionine intake resulted in an efficiency of methionine retention above maintenance of 71.7%. The maintenance requirement for methionine was estimated to be 57 mg/d (8 mg/kg body wt 0.75) in the presence of excess dietary cystine. Concentrations of most indispensable amino acids, including methionine, in whole-body protein increased linearly, although glycine and proline concentrations decreased as dietary methionine level increased. This suggests that the ratio of whole-body collagen protein to non-collagen protein decreases as dietary methionine is incremented from deficiency to near adequacy.