Effect of obesity on asthma among adult Indian women

Abstract

Objective: Both obesity and asthma are on the rise worldwide. This study examined the association between obesity and asthma prevalence in adult women in India.

Methods: The analysis used information on 82 464 nonpregnant, ever-married women aged 15-49 y, included in India's 1998-99 National Family Health Survey. The effects of measured Body Mass Index (BMI) on reported asthma were estimated using logistic regression, after adjusting for tobacco smoking (active and passive), cooking smoke, age, education, work status, media habits, food habits, house type, separate kitchen, indoor crowding, religion, caste/tribe, household living standard, urban/rural residence, and geographic region.

Results: Obese women (BMI>/=30.0 kg/m(2)) were about twice as likely as those with a normal BMI (18.5-25.0 kg/m(2)) to report suffering from asthma (OR=1.92; 95% CI: 1.40-2.65). The association between obesity and asthma remained strong and statistically significant even when the effects of other selected risk factors and potential confounders were controlled (OR=1.85; 95% CI: 1.30-2.63). Overweight women (25.0</=BMI<30.0 kg/m(2)) also reported significantly higher adjusted asthma prevalence than those with a normal BMI (OR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.07-1.63). Results hold in separate analysis for younger (15-29 y) and older (30-49 y) women.

Conclusion: The study finds a strong positive association between obesity and asthma among adult Indian women. To validate this relationship and to establish causality, prospective epidemiological studies, with better measures of overweight conditions and clinical measures of asthma, are needed in developing-country settings.