Activity limitations in personal, domestic and vocational tasks: a study of adults with inborn and early acquired mobility disorders

Abstract

Purpose: To compare activity limitations at the workplace with those in the home situation.

Subjects and methods: Sixty-nine subjects, 22-49 years of age, with inborn or early acquired mobility disorders and with experience of vocational employment were studied. They were interviewed to assess their level of dependence according to the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Instrumental Activity Measure (IAM) and in 22 vocation-related items. Rasch analysis was perfomed in order to assess the relative difficulty of the items. In the vocational items the subjects rated perceived difficulty on a 4-level scale. Satisfaction in one general and six domain-specific areas was rated on a 6-level scale.

Results: Forty-six per cent of the subjects were dependent in one or several FIM items, 90% in IAM items and 38% in the vocation-related items. In 15 of these items great difficulty was reported by few subjects. Collapsing the 7-category scale for dependence to four categories gave the best Rasch model. Most of the IAM items were the hardest to manage without assistance. FIM social-cognitive and cognitive vocation-related items were the easiest items. Most subjects were satisfied in the general and domain-specific areas.

Conclusions: Activities related to household tasks and transportation demonstrated the highest level of dependence, whereas it was easier to acquire independence in most vocation-related tasks.