Force-deflection comparison of superelastic nickel-titanium archwires

Abstract

This in vitro study compared the force-deflection behavior of 6 superelastic nickel-titanium orthodontic archwires (0.016 x 0.022 in) under controlled moment and temperature. To simulate leveling, maxillary canine brackets and first molar tubes were bonded in such a manner as to remove the tip and angulation from the system. The wires (n = 10) were passively self-ligated into stainless steel brackets attached to an acrylic jig to simulate the maxillary arch. A testing machine recorded deactivations of 3 distances (5, 4, and 3 mm) at 37 degrees C in the canine position. Force-deflection measurements were recorded from the deactivations only. Forces produced during deactivation, at deflections of 2.5, 2.0, and 1.5 mm, were compared by analysis of variance. Significant differences (P < 0.0001) in forces were observed among the wires at the various deflections. All wires exhibited superelastic behavior, and rankings were derived according to statistically significant differences for each deflection distance.