[Indoor allergens in office. Evaluation of the work station]

Abstract

House dust mite and other indoor allergens play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of asthma and other allergic diseases. Several studies have shown a close relationship between sensitisation and/or onset of asthmatic symptoms and levels of indoor allergen exposure. Aim of the study was to investigate the concentration of specific markers of the indoor allergenic pollution, such as Der p 1, Der f 1, Mite Group 2, Fel d 1 and Bla g 2. Dust samples were taken using a standard method by means of a 1200 W vacuum cleaner connected with a dust-sampling device (MITEST). A standard A4 size area has been vacuumed four times during 2 min. The concentrations of Der p 1, Der f 1, Mite Group 2, Fel d 1 and Bla g 2 were determined in dust samples from 53 different sources (office chair and carpet) using a commercial kit (DUSTSCREEN). House dust mite allergens were not always detectable in the offices. Indoor allergen concentrations (Der p 1, Der f 1, Mite Group 2, Fel d 1) were significant higher in the work station (chair) than in the carpet (p < 0.0001). Der 1 exceeded the current threshold for sensitization in about 1/4 of the samples. Der f 1 was predominant over Der p 1 according to other studies. A good correlation between the results of Der p 1 and Der f 1 was observed both in carpet and work station. Cat allergen was ubiquitous and predominantly detected in the chairs because of the employees' clothes. No appreciable levels for Mite Gr 2 and Bla g 2 were detected. Such an exposure for 8 hours in every working day may be an important occupational risk for the development of sensitization/elicitation symptoms to house dust mite. To reduce mite allergen levels are necessary preventive measure by means of specific techniques and products as barriers for preventing the direct contact with allergens.