Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2004 Aug;48(8):3122-6.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.8.3122-3126.2004.

Distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease and reverse transcriptase mutation patterns in 4,183 persons undergoing genotypic resistance testing

Soo-Yon Rhee  1 , Tommy Liu, Jaideep Ravela, Matthew J Gonzales, Robert W Shafer
Affiliations

Distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease and reverse transcriptase mutation patterns in 4,183 persons undergoing genotypic resistance testing

Soo-Yon Rhee et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Aug.

Abstract

In a sample of 6,156 sequences from 4,183 persons, the top 30 patterns of protease inhibitor, nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, and nonnucleoside RT inhibitor mutations accounted for 55, 46, and 66%, respectively, of sequences with drug resistance mutations. Characterization of the phenotypic and clinical significance of these common patterns may lead to improved treatment recommendations for a large proportion of patients for whom antiretroviral therapy is failing.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Percentage of mutant sequences explained by the 553 different PI resistance mutation patterns (dashed line), 1,120 NRTI resistance mutation patterns (solid line), and 411 NNRTI resistance mutation patterns (dotted line). The top 30 PI, NRTI, and NNRTI resistance mutation patterns accounted for 55, 46, and 66%, respectively, of all sequences with drug resistance mutations.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Brenner, B., D. Turner, M. Oliveira, D. Moisi, M. Detorio, M. Carobene, R. G. Marlink, J. Schapiro, M. Roger, and M. A. Wainberg. 2003. A V106M mutation in HIV-1 clade C viruses exposed to efavirenz confers cross-resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. AIDS 17:F1-F5. - PubMed
    1. Cane, P. A., A. de Ruiter, P. A. Rice, M. Wiselka, R. Fox, and D. Pillay. 2001. Resistance-associated mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype c protease gene from treated and untreated patients in the United Kingdom. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:2652-2654. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gonzales, M. J., I. Belitskaya, K. M. Dupnik, S. Y. Rhee, and R. W. Shafer. 2003. Protease and reverse transcriptase mutation patterns in HIV type 1 isolates from heavily treated persons: comparison of isolates from Northern California with isolates from other regions. AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir. 19:909-915. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Petropoulos, C. J., N. T. Parkin, K. L. Limoli, Y. S. Lie, T. Wrin, W. Huang, H. Tian, D. Smith, G. A. Winslow, D. J. Capon, and J. M. Whitcomb. 2000. A novel phenotypic drug susceptibility assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:920-928. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rhee, S. Y., M. J. Gonzales, R. Kantor, B. J. Betts, J. Ravela, and R. W. Shafer. 2003. Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and protease sequence database. Nucleic Acids Res. 31:298-303. - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms