Review
doi: 10.1039/b305697j.
Epub 2004 Jul 5.
The natural constituents of historical textile dyes
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- PMID: 15280965
- DOI: 10.1039/b305697j
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Review
The natural constituents of historical textile dyes
Chem Soc Rev.
.
Free article
Abstract
The sources and structures of dyes used to colour Western historical textiles are described in this tutorial review. Most blue and purple colours were derived from indigo--obtained either from woad or from the indigo plant--though some other sources (e.g. shellfish and lichens) were used. Reds were often anthraquinone derivatives obtained from plants or insects. Yellows were almost always flavonoid derivatives obtained from a variety of plant species. Most other colours were produced by over-dyeing--e.g. greens were obtained by over-dyeing a blue with a yellow dye. Direct analysis of dyes isolated from artefacts allows comparison with the historical record.
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