Medical triggers are associated with better short- and long-term weight loss outcomes

Abstract

Background: Medical events are often reported as triggers for weight loss, but it is unknown whether medical triggers result in better short- and long-term weight control.

Methods: The relationship between medical triggers and weight loss was examined in the National Weight Control Registry (NWCR), a database of individuals who have lost > or =30 lbs and kept it off for > or =1 year. Recall of weight loss triggers may become difficult over time, thus participants were limited to those reporting weight loss <5 years ago. Three groups were examined: (1) participants with medical triggers (N = 207), (2) participants with nonmedical triggers (N = 539), and (3) participants with no trigger (N = 171).

Results: Participants with medical triggers were older than those with nonmedical triggers or no trigger (50.5 +/- 11.7, 44.9 +/- 11.8, 46.7 +/- 13.3 years; P = 0.0001), had a higher initial BMI at entry into the NWCR (26.1 +/- 5.0, 25.0 +/- 4.3, 24.8 +/- 4.4 kg/m2; P = 0.004), and were more likely to be male (37.1%, 18%, 17.2%; P = 0.0001). Participants with medical triggers reported greater initial weight loss than those with nonmedical triggers or no trigger (36.5 +/- 25.0, 31.8 +/- 16.6, 31.8 +/- 17.1 kg; P = 0.01). Participants with medical triggers also gained less weight over 2 years of follow-up than those with nonmedical triggers or no trigger (P = 0.003).

Conclusions: Medical triggers may produce a teachable moment for weight control, resulting in better initial weight loss and long-term maintenance.