Eating frequency--a neglected risk factor for colon cancer?

Abstract

Eating frequency was examined in relation to risk of cancer of the colon and rectum in a population-based case-control study conducted in Stockholm, Sweden in 1986-88. In the present analysis, 328 cases and 500 controls were included. The adjusted relative risk (RR) of colon cancer per daily eating occasion was 1.2 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-1.4, adjusted for year of birth, sex, intake of energy, fat, protein, and fiber, browning of meat surface, physical activity, and body mass index). The corresponding RR for rectal cancer was 1.0 (CI = 0.9-1.2). The frequency of eating snacks was related to risk of colon cancer (RR per snack = 1.6, CI = 1.2-1.9), while the frequency of eating meals (breakfast, lunch, or dinner) was not (RR per meal = 0.8, CI = 0.6-1.1). The results are consistent with findings in two other case-control studies in which eating frequency was found to be a risk factor for colon cancer.