PGE1 inhibited PMN attachment to air emboli in vivo during infusion of ZAP without preventing lung injury

Abstract

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) treatment of neutrophils inhibits their adherence to substrates in vitro, including endothelial cell monolayers. Demonstration that PGE1 inhibits neutrophil adherence in vivo in the lung, however, is complicated by PGE1 effects on cells other than neutrophils, such as endothelial cells. To determine whether PGE1 inhibits neutrophil adherence properties in vivo, we used air emboli as intravascular targets for neutrophil attachment. Four experimental conditions were studied in anesthetized and awake sheep that were treated with 1) PGE1 and air emboli, 2) saline and air emboli, 3) PGE1 and zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP) + air emboli, and 4) saline and ZAP + air emboli. PGE1 (30 ng.kg-1.min-1) or saline was infused continuously 1 h before and 1 h during the infusion of air emboli (group 1; n = 13 sheep) or ZAP + air emboli (group 2; n = 13 sheep). The number of neutrophils (PMNs) attached to air emboli in four anesthetized sheep per condition was significantly less in sheep given PGE1 and ZAP + air emboli [8 +/- 3 (SD) PMNs/mm of embolus perimeter] than in the other three conditions (14-21 PMNs/mm; P less than 0.05). Repeated experiments in five awake sheep per group showed that PGE1 treatment did not prevent increased lung lymph protein clearance in either group compared with saline treatment. We conclude that PGE1 specifically inhibited attachment of ZAP-activated neutrophils to air emboli in vivo. The lack of pathophysiological protection suggests that PGE1-induced alterations in neutrophil attachment properties were independent of other cellular activation responses.