A review of evidence guiding the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of intraocular inflammation

Abstract

Purpose: To review the published laboratory and clinical studies pertaining to the efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of intraocular inflammation.

Methods: A Pubmed computer search was conducted of all publications focusing on the efficacy of corticosteroids in treating ocular inflammation, with an additional search of pertinent citations culled from these articles.

Results: Experimental evidence has established the efficacy of corticosteroid eyedrops in treating intraocular inflammation. The effectiveness of periocular corticosteroid injections as well as of systemic corticosteroids is supported by extensive clinical experience, although placebo-controlled trials are lacking. Few studies have documented differences in efficacy between the common corticosteroid agents or between the different routes of administration. Subconjunctival injection appears to achieve higher intraocular corticosteroid levels than do other routes of periocular injection or systemic therapy. Clinical experience with intravitreous corticosteroid injection is insufficient to firmly attest to its efficacy or safety.

Conclusion: The efficacy of corticosteroids in treating intraocular inflammation is based on limited experimental evidence and considerable clinical experience.