A comparative study of first-derivative spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography applied to the determination of losartan potassium in tablets

Abstract

Losartan, a highly effective blood pressure-lowering agent, has been widely used for the treatment of hypertension. A fast and reliable method for the determination of losartan was highly desirable to support formulation screening and quality control. A first-derivative UV spectroscopic method and HPLC were developed for the determination of losartan in the tablet dosage form. The first-derivative spectrum recorded between 220 and 320 nm and a zero-crossing technique for first-derivative measurement at 232.5 nm were selected. The selectivity and sensitivity of the method was in desirable range. In comparison with the direct UV method, first-derivative UV spectroscopy has a definite trough without any interference from UV absorbing-excipients. This method is also fast and economical in comparison with the more time-consuming HPLC method regularly used for formulation screening and quality control and can be used routinely by any laboratory possessing a spectrophotometer with a derivative accessory. The linear concentration ranges were 2-50 microg ml(-1), (D(1)=-0.0159C-0.0056, r=0.9994, n=6). Between-days CV of < or =2.9%, within-day CV of < or =2.1%, and analytical recovery close to 98.1% show the suitability of the method for determination in quality control.