[Practical guidelines for the prevention of chronic symptoms after a whiplash injury, based on published evidence]

Abstract

Recently, systematic reviews and evidence-based guidelines on whiplash have appeared, from which preventive recommendations can be derived. Fear of moving, catastrophic thoughts and avoidance of activity seem to play an important role in the transition from acute to chronic symptoms. Early reassurance and the advice to remain active can prevent the development of chronic symptoms following whiplash. In the acute and subacute phase, if there is still no recovery despite information designed to reduce anxiety, referral to a physiotherapist for active exercise therapy and management is indicated. In the chronic phase, depending on which factors play a role in the given patient, referral to active exercise therapy or a multi-disciplinary training programme may be considered.