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. 2004 Sep;10(9):1635-42.
doi: 10.3201/eid1009.040143.

Outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Los Santos, Panama, 1999-2000

Vicente Bayard  1 , Paul T Kitsutani, Eduardo O Barria, Luis A Ruedas, David S Tinnin, Carlos Muñoz, Itza B de Mosca, Gladys Guerrero, Rudick Kant, Arsenio Garcia, Lorenzo Caceres, Fernando G Gracio, Evelia Quiroz, Zoila de Castillo, Blas Armien, Marlo Libel, James N Mills, Ali S Khan, Stuart T Nichol, Pierre E Rollin, Thomas G Ksiazek, Clarence J Peters
Affiliations

Outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Los Santos, Panama, 1999-2000

Vicente Bayard et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Sep.

Abstract

An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in the province of Los Santos, Panama, in late 1999 and early 2000. Eleven cases were identified; 9 were confirmed by serology. Three cases were fatal; however, no confirmed case-patient died. Case-neighborhood serologic surveys resulted in an overall hantavirus antibody prevalence of 13% among household and neighborhood members from the outbreak foci. Epidemiologic investigations did not suggest person-to-person transmission of hantavirus infection. By use of Sin Nombre virus antigen, hantavirus antibodies were detected in Oligoryzomys fulvescens and Zygodontomys brevicauda cherriei. This outbreak resulted in the first documented cases of human hantavirus infections in Central America.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Location of districts in Los Santos Province, Republic of Panama, in which hantavirus cases occurred in 1999 and 2000.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of monthly rainfall in 1999 with the average monthly rainfall from 1995 to 1998, Los Santos Province, Panama.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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