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. 2004 Oct 22;306(5696):666-9.
doi: 10.1126/science.1102896.

Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films

K S Novoselov  1 , A K Geim, S V Morozov, D Jiang, Y Zhang, S V Dubonos, I V Grigorieva, A A Firsov
Affiliations

Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films

K S Novoselov et al. Science. .

Abstract

We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10(13) per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of approximately 10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.

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