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. 2004 Jul;21(7):241-7.
doi: 10.1023/b:jarg.0000042009.93520.15.

The presence of cytokines and growth factors in hydrosalpingeal fluid

Annika Strandell  1 , Jane Thorburn, Ann Wallin
Affiliations

The presence of cytokines and growth factors in hydrosalpingeal fluid

Annika Strandell et al. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2004 Jul.

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the presence of cytokines and growth factors in hydrosalpingeal fluid.

Methods: Eighteen hydrosalpingeal fluids were compared with 15 follicular fluids and serum samples regarding the presence of interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-12, IL-1alpha, epidermal growth factor (EGF), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGFbeta2).

Results: IL-8 and EGF were detected in all the hydrosalpinx samples. IL-8, IL-12, IL-1alpha, TNFalpha, TGFbeta2, GM-CSF, and LIF were detected to a significantly larger extent in hydrosalpingeal than follicular fluids (p < 0.01). The same cytokines, with the exception of IL-8, TGFbeta2, and LIF, were also more frequently present in comparison with serum.

Conclusion: The abundant presence of cytokines in hydrosalpingeal fluid suggests an increased expression from the tubal epithelium. Whether high concentrations have a negative influence on embryo development and implantation needs further investigation.

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