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. 2004 Nov 9:3:24.
doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-3-24.

Dietary effect of pomegranate seed oil rich in 9cis, 11trans, 13cis conjugated linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in obese, hyperlipidemic OLETF rats

Keisuke Arao  1 , Yu-Ming Wang, Nao Inoue, Junichi Hirata, Jae-Young Cha, Koji Nagao, Teruyoshi Yanagita
Affiliations

Dietary effect of pomegranate seed oil rich in 9cis, 11trans, 13cis conjugated linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in obese, hyperlipidemic OLETF rats

Keisuke Arao et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Conjugated fatty acid, the general term of positional and geometric isomers of polyunsaturated fatty acids with conjugated double bonds, has attracted considerable attention because of its potentially beneficial biological effects. In the present study, dietary effect of pomegranate seed oil rich in punicic acid (9cis, 11trans, 13cis-conjugated linolenic acid; 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA) on lipid metabolism was investigated in obese, hyperlipidemic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. After 2 weeks feeding period, OLETF rats revealed obesity and hyperlipidemia compared with their progenitor LETO rats. Feeding of the diet supplemented with 9% safflower oil and 1% pomegranate seed oil (9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet) did not affect abdominal white adipose tissue weights and serum lipid levels compared with the diet supplemented with 10% safflower oil (control diet) in OLETF rats. However, the accumulated hepatic triacylglycerol was markedly decreased by 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet in OLETF rats. Activities of hepatic enzymes related to fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation were not altered by 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet. Levels of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), major storage form of fatty acid, in serum triacylglycerol were markedly higher in obese, hyperlipidemic OLETF rats than in lean LETO rats. In addition, 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet significantly decreased MUFA levels in OLETF rats. This is the first study showing that 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA suppresses delta-9 desaturation in vivo, and we suggest that the alleviation of hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation by 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet was, at least in part, attributable to the suppression of delta-9 desaturation in OLETF rats.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA on abdominal white adipose tissue weight in LETO and OLETF rats. Rats were fed a control or 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet for 2 weeks. Values are expressed as mean ± SE for 6 rats. a,bDifferent letters show significant differences at P < 0.05. Omen, omental; Peri, perirenal; Epi, epididymal.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA on serum lipid levels in LETO and OLETF rats. Rats were fed a control or 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet for 2 weeks. Values are expressed as mean ± SE for 6 rats. a,bDifferent letters show significant differences at P < 0.05. TG, triacylglycerol; PL, phospholipids; Chol, cholesterol.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA on hepatic lipid levels in LETO and OLETF rats. Rats were fed a control or 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet for 2 weeks. Values are expressed as mean ± SE for 6 rats. a,bDifferent letters show significant differences at P < 0.05. TG, triacylglycerol; PL, phospholipids; Chol, cholesterol.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA on activities of enzymes related to lipid metabolism, (A) G6PDH, ME, FAS (B) CPT, peroxisomal β-oxidation, in the liver of LETO and OLETF rats. Rats were fed a control or 9c, 11t, 13c-CLNA diet for 2 weeks. Values are expressed as mean ± SE for 6 rats. a,bDifferent letters show significant differences at P < 0.05.
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