Influence of cereal non-starch polysaccharides on ileo-caecal and rectal microbial populations in growing pigs

Abstract

The effect of cereal non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) on the gut microbial populations was studied in 5 growing pigs between 39-116 kg body weight according to a Latin square design. The diets were composed to contain different NSP levels. The control diet had a normal NSP content (139 g/kg dry matter (DM)), 2 diets had a low total amount of NSP (95 and 107 g/kg DM) and 2 diets had a high amount of total NSP (191 and 199 g/kg DM). Furthermore, one of the diets within each category had a content of insoluble NSP similar to the control diet and one had a high content of insoluble NSP. Samples were collected from the ileum, via intestinal post valve T-caecum (PVTC) cannulas surgically inserted at the ileo-caecal ostium, and from the rectum. The total microbial flora of the ileal samples were analysed for by defining base pair length with terminal restriction fraction length polymorphism (T-RFLP). The microbial diversity of the coliform flora of the ileal and rectal samples were defined by biochemical fingerprinting. It was observed that many terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) disappeared when new diets were introduced and that some characteristic TRFs were found in the high and low NSP diets, respectively. Both the total gut microflora and the coliform flora were influenced by the dietary NSP content.

Figure 1

Median values of coliform diversity in the ileo-caecal ostium in pigs fed different diets. Filled diamond = control diet, open square = diet Li, filled square = diet L, open triangle = diet Hi and filled triangle = diet H. Diet abbreviations as in Table 1.

Figure 2

Median values of coliform diversity in rectum of pigs fed different diets. Filled diamond = control diet, open square = diet Li, filled square = diet L, open triangle = diet Hi and filled triangle = diet H. Diet abbreviations as in Table 1.