Fatigue crack propagation resistance of highly crosslinked polyethylene

Abstract

A higher degree of cross-linking has been shown to improve wear properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in laboratory studies. However, cross-linking can also affect the mechanical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Fatigue crack propagation resistance was determined for electron beam cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and compared with gamma irradiation cross-linked and noncross-linked polyethylene fatigue specimens. Crosslinking was done with different dosages of irradiation followed by melting. For one irradiation dose (50 kGy) extrusion and molding processes were compared. A fracture mechanics approach was used to determine how the degree of cross-linking affects resistance to crack propagation in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Fatigue crack propagation resistance was reduced in proportion to the irradiation dose. The type of irradiation (gamma or electron beam) or manufacturing method (extrusion or molding) did not affect fatigue crack propagation resistance. The reduced fatigue strength of highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene could lead to mechanical failure in conditions that are associated with cyclic local tensile stresses.