A randomized controlled trial of early supported discharge and continued rehabilitation at home after stroke: five-year follow-up of patient outcome

Abstract

Background and purpose: The optimal organization of rehabilitation services after discharge from a stroke unit has not been determined. This study sought to evaluate the effect of early supported discharge and continued rehabilitation at home (ESD), in terms of patient outcome 5 years after stroke and changes in selected data over time.

Methods: Eighty-three patients from Southwest Stockholm, mildly or moderately impaired 5 to 7 days after acute stroke, were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. The core components of the ESD service were initial treatment in a stroke unit and the involvement of an outreach team to deliver and coordinate home-based rehabilitation in partnership with the patient. At the 5-year follow-up, measures used to assess patient outcome included survival, motor capacity, dysphasia, activities of daily living (ADL), social activities, subjective dysfunction, and self-reported falls.

Results: Fifty-four patients (30 in the intervention group and 24 in the control group) were evaluated 5 years after stroke, at which time a significantly larger proportion of patients in the intervention group were independent in extended ADL and active in household activities.

Conclusions: This ESD service has a beneficial effect on extended ADL 5 years after stroke for mildly to moderately impaired patients.