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. 2005 Jan;71(1):542-6.
doi: 10.1128/AEM.71.1.542-546.2005.

Biocidal activity of formaldehyde and nonformaldehyde biocides toward Mycobacterium immunogenum and Pseudomonas fluorescens in pure and mixed suspensions in synthetic metalworking fluid and saline

Suresh B Selvaraju  1 , Izhar U H Khan, Jagjit S Yadav
Affiliations

Biocidal activity of formaldehyde and nonformaldehyde biocides toward Mycobacterium immunogenum and Pseudomonas fluorescens in pure and mixed suspensions in synthetic metalworking fluid and saline

Suresh B Selvaraju et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jan.

Abstract

The microbicidal activity of four different biocides was studied in synthetic metalworking fluid (MWF) against Mycobacterium immunogenum, a suspected causative agent for hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, a representative for the predominant gram-negative bacterial contaminants of MWF. The results indicated that M. immunogenum is more resistant than P. fluorescens to the tested formaldehyde-releasing biocides (Grotan and Bioban), isothiazolone (Kathon), and phenolic biocide (Preventol). Kathon was effective against mycobacteria at lower concentrations than the other three test biocides in MWF. In general, there was a marked increase in biocidal resistance of both the test organisms when present in MWF matrix compared to saline. Increased resistance of the two test organisms to biocides was observed when they were in a mixed suspension (1:1 ratio). The results indicate the protective effect of the MWF matrix against the action of commonly used biocides on the MWF-colonizing microbial species of occupational health significance, including mycobacteria.

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Determination of the efficacy of four biocides (Grotan, Bioban, Kathon, and Preventol) presented as the logarithmic reduction in the cell concentration of M. immunogenum in pure suspension. The biocides were tested at various concentrations for different contact times (15, 30, 45, and 60 min). (A) Log10 reduction of M. immunogenum in MWF; (B) log10 reduction in saline.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Determination of the efficacy of four biocides (Grotan, Bioban, Kathon, and Preventol) presented as logarithmic reduction in the cell concentration of M. immunogenum in mixed suspension. The biocides were tested at various concentrations for different contact times of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. (A) Log10 reduction patterns of M. immunogenum in MWF fluid; (B) log10 reduction patterns in saline matrix.
FIG. 3.
FIG. 3.
Determination of the efficacy of four biocides (Grotan, Bioban, Kathon, and Preventol) presented as logarithmic reduction in the cell concentration of P. fluorescens in pure and mixed suspensions. The biocides were used at various concentrations for different contact times of 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. (A) Log10 reduction of P. fluorescens in pure suspension in MWF and saline; (B) log10 reduction of P. fluorescens in mixed suspension in MWF and saline matrices.
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