Reduced immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids when combined with pertussis toxoid

Abstract

The effect of pertussis toxoid on the immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DT) was studied during a double blind efficacy trial of an acellular pertussis vaccine. Infants received DT with or without pertussis toxoid at 3, 5 and 12 months of age. Geometric mean concentrations were higher in the DT than in the DT-pertussis toxoid group 1 month (diphtheria toxoid 4.76 versus 3.58 IU/mL, P = 0.009; tetanus toxoid 4.42 versus 2.66 IU/mL, P < 0.0001) and 2 years after the third injection (diphtheria toxoid 0.15 versus 0.10 IU/mL, P < 0.0001; tetanus toxoid 0.38 versus 0.18 IU/mL, P < 0.0001). Pertussis toxoid causes a small but significant reduction of the immunogenicity of diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid.