Effects of Eimeria brunetti infection and dietary zinc on experimental induction of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

Abstract

Broilers infected with Eimeria brunetti and given dietary zinc were examined for experimental induction of necrotic enteritis. Inoculation with sporulated E. brunetti oocysts at 7 days of age was followed by 5 consecutive days of oral inoculation with cultured Clostridium perfringens. Feed was supplemented with zinc at 1000 ppm. Upon necropsy of broilers 6 days after coccidial inoculation, necrotic enteritis was found in 20% (2/10) of birds given both organisms and dietary zinc. Coccidial lesion scores were also highest in that group. Birds infected with E. brunetti and C. perfringens with no dietary zinc had significantly higher coccidiosis lesion scores (P less than 0.05) than groups inoculated with E. brunetti only, regardless of zinc supplementation. Alpha toxin levels in intestinal contents were low in groups infected with both organisms, regardless of zinc supplementation. Zinc was tested for effects of alpha toxin production in vitro. In the mid-log phase (6 hours incubation), a high level of alpha toxin was produced in zinc-supplemented media, but this was lost quickly in the presence of trypsin. Addition of zinc partly protected the toxin from the action of trypsin.