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Review
. 2005 Jan 25;7(1):1-16.
doi: 10.1017/S1462399405008793.

PPAR gamma as a metabolic regulator: insights from genomics and pharmacology

Affiliations
Review

PPAR gamma as a metabolic regulator: insights from genomics and pharmacology

David B Savage. Expert Rev Mol Med. .

Abstract

Since its identification in the early 1990 s, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), a nuclear hormone receptor, has attracted tremendous scientific and clinical interest. The role of PPAR gamma in macronutrient metabolism has received particular attention, for three main reasons: first, it is the target of the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a novel class of insulin sensitisers widely used to treat type 2 diabetes; second, it plays a central role in adipogenesis; and third, it appears to be primarily involved in regulating lipid metabolism with predominantly secondary effects on carbohydrate metabolism, a notion in keeping with the currently in vogue 'lipocentric' view of diabetes. This review summarises in vitro studies suggesting that PPAR gamma is a master regulator of adipogenesis, and then considers in vivo findings from use of PPAR gamma agonists, knockout studies in mice and analysis of human PPAR gamma mutations/polymorphisms.

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