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Meta-Analysis
. 2005 Jan 25;2005(1):CD004096.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004096.pub2.

Pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

S L Norris  1 , X Zhang, A Avenell, E Gregg, C H Schmid, J Lau
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

S L Norris et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: Obesity is closely related to type 2 diabetes and long-term weight reduction is an important part of the care delivered to obese persons with diabetes.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Search strategy: Computerized searches were performed of MEDLINE (January 1966 to May 2004), EMBASE (January 1974 to May 2004, Web of Science (January 1981 to May 2004, and other electronic bibliographic databases, supplemented with hand searches of reference lists and selected journals.

Selection criteria: Randomized, controlled trials were included where pharmacotherapy was used as the primary strategy for weight loss among adults with type 2 diabetes. Published and unpublished literature in any language and with any study design was included.

Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers abstracted data and the quality of included studies was evaluated by assessing potential attrition, as well as selection and measurement bias, and a Jadad score was obtained. Effects were combined using a random effects model.

Main results: A sufficient number of studies were available for a quantitative synthesis for fluoxetine, orlistat, and sibutramine. Twenty two randomized controlled trials were included in the review, with a total of 296 participants for fluoxitine, 2036 for orlistat, and 1047 for sibutramine. Pharmacotherapy produced modest reductions in weight for fluoxetine (5.1 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3 - 6.9) at 24 to 26 weeks follow up; orlistat 2.0 kg (CI, 1.3 - 2.8) at 12 to 57 weeks follow-up, and sibutramine 5.1 kg (CI, 3.2 - 7.0) at 12 to 52 weeks follow-up. Glycated hemoglobin also modestly and significantly reduced for fluoxetine and orlistat. Gastrointestinal side effects were common with orlistat; tremor, somnolence and sweating with fluoxetine; and palpitations with sibutramine. Some studies, using a variety of study designs, were available on other drugs and a significant decrease in weight was noted in three studies of mazindol, one of phenmetrazine, two of phentermine. No studies were identified that fit inclusion criteria for pseudophedrine, ephedra, sertraline, yohimbine, amphetamine or its derivatives, bupropion, topiramate, benzocaine, threachlorocitric acid, sertraline, and bromocriptine.

Authors' conclusions: Fluoxetine, orlistat, and sibutramine can achieve statistically significant weight loss over 12 to 57 weeks. The magnitude of weight loss is modest, however, and the long-term health benefits remain unclear. The safety of sibutramine is uncertain. There is a paucity of data on other drugs for weight loss or control in persons with type 2 diabetes.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

None known.

Figures

1
1
Study flow diagram 
 CRCT, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register 
 IPA, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts 
 WOS, Web of Science
2
2
Net change in weight (kg) 
 Pooled estimates are represented by boxes.
3
3
Net change in hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) (%) 
 Pooled estimates are represented by boxes.
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
1.2
1.2. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 2 BMI.
1.3
1.3. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 3 GHb.
1.4
1.4. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 4 Fasting glucose.
1.5
1.5. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 5 Total cholesterol.
1.6
1.6. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 HDL cholesterol.
1.7
1.7. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Triglycerides.
1.8
1.8. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 8 Weight (kg).
1.9
1.9. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 9 BMI.
1.10
1.10. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 GHb.
1.11
1.11. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 11 Fasting glucose.
1.12
1.12. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 12 Total cholesterol.
1.13
1.13. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 13 HDL cholesterol.
1.14
1.14. Analysis
Comparison 1 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐7, fixed model; 8‐14, random mode; 8‐16 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 14 Triglycerides.
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
2.2
2.2. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 2 Percent weight loss.
2.3
2.3. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 3 GHb.
2.4
2.4. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 4 Fasting glucose.
2.5
2.5. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 5 Total cholesterol.
2.6
2.6. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 Triglycerides.
2.7
2.7. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Weight (kg) random.
2.8
2.8. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 8 Percent weight loss.
2.9
2.9. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 9 GHb.
2.10
2.10. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 Fasting glucose.
2.11
2.11. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 11 Total cholesterol.
2.12
2.12. Analysis
Comparison 2 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐6, fixed model; 7‐12, random model; 24‐26 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 12 Triglycerides.
3.1
3.1. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
3.6
3.6. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 GHb.
3.7
3.7. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Fasting glucose.
3.10
3.10. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 Total cholesterol.
3.13
3.13. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 13 Triglycerides.
3.14
3.14. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 14 Weight (kg) random.
3.17
3.17. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 17 GHb.
3.18
3.18. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 18 Fasting glucose.
3.21
3.21. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 21 Total cholesterol.
3.23
3.23. Analysis
Comparison 3 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐23, random model; 52 wks. rho=0.75), Outcome 23 Triglycerides.
4.1
4.1. Analysis
Comparison 4 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (SA dropout weight=C loss; RE; FT, LOCFremoved), Outcome 1 weight loss (kg).
5.1
5.1. Analysis
Comparison 5 Drug therapy versus placebo for Fluoxetine (SA dropout weight=0 loss; RE; FT, LOCFremoved), Outcome 1 weight loss (kg).
6.1
6.1. Analysis
Comparison 6 Drug therapy vs placebo Fluoxetine (SA FT: LOCF removed), Outcome 1 Weight (kg) random.
7.1
7.1. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
7.2
7.2. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 2 Percent weight loss.
7.3
7.3. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 3 % with wt loss > 5%.
7.4
7.4. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 4 BMI.
7.5
7.5. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 5 Waist circumference.
7.6
7.6. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 GHb.
7.7
7.7. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Fasting glucose.
7.8
7.8. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 8 SBP.
7.9
7.9. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 9 DBP.
7.10
7.10. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 Total cholesterol.
7.11
7.11. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 11 LDL cholesterol.
7.12
7.12. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 12 HDL cholesterol.
7.13
7.13. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 13 Triglycerides.
7.14
7.14. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 14 Weight (kg).
7.15
7.15. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 15 Percent weight loss.
7.16
7.16. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 16 % with wt loss > 5%.
7.17
7.17. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 17 BMI.
7.18
7.18. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 18 Waist circumference.
7.19
7.19. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 19 GHb.
7.20
7.20. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 20 Fasting glucose.
7.21
7.21. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 21 SBP.
7.22
7.22. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 22 DBP.
7.23
7.23. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 23 Total cholesterol.
7.24
7.24. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 24 LDL cholesterol.
7.25
7.25. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 25 HDL cholesterol.
7.26
7.26. Analysis
Comparison 7 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 26 Triglycerides.
8.1
8.1. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
8.2
8.2. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 2 Percent weight loss.
8.3
8.3. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 3 % with wt loss > 5%.
8.4
8.4. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 4 BMI.
8.5
8.5. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 5 Waist circumference.
8.6
8.6. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 GHb.
8.7
8.7. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Fasting glucose.
8.8
8.8. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 8 SBP.
8.9
8.9. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 9 DBP.
8.10
8.10. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 Total cholesterol.
8.11
8.11. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 11 LDL cholesterol.
8.12
8.12. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 12 HDL cholesterol.
8.13
8.13. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 13 Triglycerides.
8.14
8.14. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 14 Weight (kg).
8.15
8.15. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 15 Percent weight loss.
8.16
8.16. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 16 % with wt loss > 5%.
8.17
8.17. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 17 BMI.
8.18
8.18. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 18 Waist circumference.
8.19
8.19. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 19 GHb.
8.20
8.20. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 20 Fasting glucose.
8.21
8.21. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 21 SBP.
8.22
8.22. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 22 DBP.
8.23
8.23. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 23 Total cholesterol.
8.24
8.24. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 24 LDL cholesterol.
8.25
8.25. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 25 HDL cholesterol.
8.26
8.26. Analysis
Comparison 8 Drug therapy versus placebo for Orlistat (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 26 Triglycerides.
9.1
9.1. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
9.2
9.2. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 2 Percent weight loss.
9.3
9.3. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 3 % with wt loss > 5%.
9.4
9.4. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 4 BMI.
9.5
9.5. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 5 Waist circumference.
9.6
9.6. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 GHb.
9.7
9.7. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Fasting glucose.
9.8
9.8. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 8 SBP.
9.9
9.9. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 9 DBP.
9.10
9.10. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 Total cholesterol.
9.11
9.11. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 11 LDL cholesterol.
9.12
9.12. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 12 HDL cholesterol.
9.13
9.13. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 13 Triglycerides.
9.14
9.14. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 14 Weight (kg).
9.15
9.15. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 15 Percent weight loss.
9.16
9.16. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 16 % with wt loss > 5%.
9.17
9.17. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 17 BMI.
9.18
9.18. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 18 Waist circumference.
9.19
9.19. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 19 GHb.
9.20
9.20. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 20 Fasting glucose.
9.21
9.21. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 21 SBP.
9.22
9.22. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 22 DBP.
9.23
9.23. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 23 Total cholesterol.
9.24
9.24. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 24 LDL cholesterol.
9.25
9.25. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 25 HDL cholesterol.
9.26
9.26. Analysis
Comparison 9 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 26 Triglycerides.
10.1
10.1. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 1 Weight (kg).
10.2
10.2. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 2 Percent weight loss.
10.3
10.3. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 3 % with wt loss > 5%.
10.4
10.4. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 4 BMI.
10.5
10.5. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 5 Waist circumference.
10.6
10.6. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 6 GHb.
10.7
10.7. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 7 Fasting glucose.
10.8
10.8. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 8 SBP.
10.9
10.9. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 9 DBP.
10.10
10.10. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 10 Total cholesterol.
10.11
10.11. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 11 LDL cholesterol.
10.12
10.12. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 12 HDL cholesterol.
10.13
10.13. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 13 Triglycerides.
10.14
10.14. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 14 Weight (kg).
10.15
10.15. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 15 Percent weight loss.
10.16
10.16. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 16 % with wt loss > 5%.
10.17
10.17. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 17 BMI.
10.18
10.18. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 18 Waist circumference.
10.19
10.19. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 19 GHb.
10.20
10.20. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 20 Fasting glucose.
10.21
10.21. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 21 SBP.
10.22
10.22. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 22 DBP.
10.23
10.23. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 23 Total cholesterol.
10.24
10.24. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 24 LDL cholesterol.
10.25
10.25. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 25 HDL cholesterol.
10.26
10.26. Analysis
Comparison 10 Drug therapy versus placebo for Sibutramine (FT+AB: 1‐13, fixed model; 14‐26, random model. rho=0.75), Outcome 26 Triglycerides.
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References

References to studies included in this review

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Kaukua 2004 {published data only}
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Kutnowski 1992 {published data only}
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Miles 2002 {published data only}
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Serrano‐Rios 2001 {published data only}
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Serrano‐Rios 2002 {published data only}
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Silverstone 1966 {published data only}
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Sircar 2001 {published data only}
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Slama 1978 {published data only}
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Tankova 2003 {published data only}
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Tong 2002 {published data only}
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Vargas 1994 {published data only}
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Versari 2000 {published data only}
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Wang 2003 {published data only}
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Williams 1968 {published data only}
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Wise 1989 {published data only}
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Zaletel 2002 {published data only}
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Zelissen 1992 {published data only}
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Anchors 1997 {published data only}
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Boneva 2002 {published data only}
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Bowen 2000 {published data only}
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Bray 1996 {published data only}
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Breum 1995 {published data only}
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Chengappa 2001 {published data only}
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Daly 1993 {published data only}
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Davison 1999 {published data only}
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Derby 1999 {published data only}
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Drent 1995 {published data only}
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Edmonds 1983 {published data only}
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