Cyclizine and droperidol have comparable efficacy and side effects during patient-controlled analgesia

Abstract

Background: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common, especially following gynaecological surgery. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is frequently complicated by nausea. We assessed PONV, pain and sedation in patients receiving cyclizine or droperidol during PCA following abdominal hysterectomy in a double-blind trial.

Methods: Thirty women were randomised to receive either cyclizine 0.7 mg/kg or droperidol 0.04 mg/kg during surgery followed by PCA containing morphine sulphate with cyclizine 2 mg or droperidol 0.05 mg per demand. Blinded observers scored levels of nausea, sedation, anxiety and pain.

Results: Pain scores, PCA usage and supplemental antiemetic requirements were comparable. Nausea and sedation scores were similar in both groups. Two patients in each group developed refractory PONV. Pre-operative anxiety scores were similar and decreased comparably over time. Patients developing refractory emetic sequelae had a higher incidence of previous PONV. Previous PONV also predicted lower PCA medication intake despite similar demand rates, suggesting increased usage during lock-out periods.

Conclusion: Prophylactic cyclizine and droperidol have similar efficacy during PCA. Neither is associated with perioperative anxiety. A minority of patients have refractory PONV during PCA. Previous PONV may predict less efficient PCA usage.