[Research methods in dentistry. 8. Methods for longitudinally detecting differences in bone density: digital subtraction radiography]

Abstract

Subtraction radiography has been developed in 1934 by the Dutch radiologist B. Ziedses des Plantes. The technique is based on the subtraction of two radiographic images. As a result, only the differences remain visible, and structures which have been unaltered in between both exposures, are suppressed. The technique was introduced also in dental radiology in the eighties in the last century. Since then, many studies have been performed showing the benefit of this technique in dental diagnosis. A requirement for reliable results is that the two radiographs which are used for the subtraction have equal brightness and contrast, as well as a completely identical projective geometry. Since radiographic images can be acquired digitally, methods have been developed to make density and contrast equal for both images used for the subtraction process even after the images have been taken, using dedicated software programs. The projection geometry of two images can be made identical in this way as well. Because of this, the technique can also be applied in general dental practice.