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. 2005 Apr;10(2):188-96.
doi: 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2005.05625.x.

The value of magnetocardiography in the course of coronary intervention

Birgit Hailer  1 , Peter Van Leeuwen, Illja Chaikovsky, Sabine Auth-Eisernitz, Harald Schäfer, Dietrich Grönemeyer
Affiliations

The value of magnetocardiography in the course of coronary intervention

Birgit Hailer et al. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2005 Apr.

Abstract

Background: The noninvasive detection of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a clinical challenge. Previous studies have shown that magnetocardiograms reveal obvious changes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and normal electrocardiogram (ECG) at rest.

Hypothesis: The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of magnetocardiography (MCG) for the detection of electrophysiological changes in the course of successful PCI.

Methods: Twelve-lead ECG and unshielded four-channel MCG (SQUID AG, Essen, Germany) were registered at nine prethoracic sites in 50 patients with CAD (62 +/- 10 years; EF = 76 +/- 11%; registration: before, 24 hours, and 1 month (n = 25) after PCI) and 57 normals (51 +/- 9 years). Current density vector (CDV) maps were reconstructed within the ST-T interval and classified from category 0 (normal) to category 4 (grossly abnormal). In both groups and at all registration times, the percentage of each category of maps was calculated and compared.

Results: Most CDV maps of normals were classified as category 0, 1, or 2 compared to CAD patients before PCI with most maps of category 3 and 4 (P < 0.0005). Twenty-four hours after PCI, more maps were classified as category 2 (P < 0.05) and less as category 4 (P < 0.005). One month after PCI the MCG results further improved: more maps were classified as category 1 (P < 0.05) and 2 (P < 0.005) and less maps as category 4 (P < 0.0001). The ECG remained unchanged in the course of PCI.

Conclusion: Unshielded four-channel MCG reveals obvious changes in the course of successful PCI on the basis of CDV map reconstruction during repolarization. The method seems to be suitable for the follow-up of patients after PCI.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Four‐channel MCG in unshielded setting, SQUID AG, Essen, Germany. (B) A 6 × 6 rectangular grid used for MCG registration, the covered precordial area is 20 × 20 cm2. The four‐channel sensor registered four sites simultaneously at nine positions. The jugulum is at site 3. (C) Example of one subject's averaged MCG signals in all 36 positions.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Example of reconstruction of several current density vector maps in the course of the ST–T interval with the MCG signal above, the corresponding magnetic fields in the middle and the current density vector maps below.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flow chart of the classification system including one example of the corresponding current density vector map.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Percentage of CDV maps in the categories 0–4 in normal subjects (n = 57) as well as in patients with coronary artery disease before (n = 50), 24 hours after (n = 46), and 1 month after (n = 25) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Boxplots showing minimum, 1st quartile, median (−), 3rd quartile, and maximum values as well as the mean value (O); cat = category.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Change in percentage of maps per category in patients with coronary artery disease 24 hours (n = 46) and 1 month (n = 25) after postcoronary intervention. Boxplots showing minimum, 1st quartile, median (−), 3rd quartile, and maximum values as well as the mean value (O); P‐values for differences which deviate significantly from zero are given above the plots; cat = category, mo. = month.
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