The reinforced sternal closure system is reliable to use in elderly patients

Abstract

Background: Sternal dehiscence is a rare, but serious complication after cardiac surgery procedures when performed through mid-line sternotomy. Osteoporosis, especially at advanced age, may be a significant factor in the unfavorable results of sternum fixation. The present prospective, randomized study was carried out to evaluate whether the reinforced sternal-closure system is an effective and safe fixation and approximation of the sternum in cardiac procedures, and to compare with the conventional sternal-closure method in elderly patients.

Methods: Forty elderly patients underwent various cardiac procedures via mid-line sternotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients were randomized into two groups: group I (n = 20) closed with the reinforced sternal-closure system, and group II (n = 20) with standard stainless steel wires. The mean age of patients in group I was 70.5 years, and group II with 70.4 years.

Results: Superficial wound infection appeared in only one case of stapler group and in two cases of control group. Deep wound infections or dehiscence was not detected in the patients of both groups. There were no significant differences in the patient's age, drainage, pain index, time of removal of the drains, and postoperative hospital stay between the groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The reinforced sternal-closure system provided no additional risk with similar postoperative pain index and postoperative hospital stay compared with conventional method. It is reliable to use in elderly patients undergoing open heart surgery, in the cases presenting a risk factor such as osteoporosis for increased incidence of sternal dehiscence.