[Immunomorphological characteristics of vesicular stomatitis]

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunomorphological characteristics of vesicular stomatitis. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 15 patients with mild stomatitis, 14 patients with moderate stomatitis, 11 patients with severe stomatitis. The cytological smears were stained by Papanicolaou method. We have evaluated indexes of maturation (MI), keratinisation (KI), destruction (DI) and inflammation-destruction (IDI). The immunocytochemistry was used to evaluate the local immune responses. Anti-CD20 (pan-B marker), Anti-CD3 (pan-T marker), CD4 (marker of T helper), CD8 (marker of T cytotoxic lymphocytes) monoclonal antibodies were used (LSAB, DAB). The comparative analysis of cytological indexes in acute and remission phases of chronic recurrent ulcerative stomatitis showed that DI and IDI decreased in remission phase compared with acute phase, but did not return to norm. It seems that inflammation persists in remission phase despite the absence of symptomatic vesicular lesion. Therefore, the evaluation of clinical efficacy of treatment requires assessing cytological indexes. In various types of vesicular stomatitis the dynamic quantitative changes of immunocompetent cells in acute and remission phases show the increased number of CD8+ T lymphocytes indicating a potential viral etiology and a persistent immunopathological reaction mediated by T cells. The presented data can be taken into account during the treatment planning and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.