Echocardiographic guidance of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects: is intracardiac echocardiography better than transesophageal echocardiography?

Abstract

Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects is an established practice. The imaging method best suited for guidance of this procedure is under debate. This review highlights the areas of disagreement and presents available evidence supporting the contention that intracardiac echocardiography is at least as good, if not a superior imaging method to guide the procedure. Points of discussion include comparisons of imaging capability, complications or discomfort, and the relative costs of these procedures. It is concluded that intracardiac echocardiography is the superior imaging method.