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Clinical Trial
. 2005 May;58(5):1011-8.
doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000162732.39083.15.

A prospective, randomized evaluation of intra-abdominal pressures with crystalloid and colloid resuscitation in burn patients

Michael S O'Mara  1 , Harvey Slater, I William Goldfarb, Philip F Caushaj
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

A prospective, randomized evaluation of intra-abdominal pressures with crystalloid and colloid resuscitation in burn patients

Michael S O'Mara et al. J Trauma. 2005 May.

Abstract

Background: The volume of resuscitation in burn patients has been shown to correlate with intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). Limiting volume may reduce consequences of IAP and abdominal compartment syndrome. Colloid resuscitation has been previously shown to limit the volume required initially after burn.

Methods: Thirty-one patients were prospectively followed. Inclusion criteria were a burn of 25% total body surface area with inhalation injury or 40% total body surface area without. Patients received crystalloid (Parkland formula) or plasma resuscitation. IAP was measured by means of urinary bladder transduction.

Results: Mean age, area of burn, and baseline IAP were not different. Urine output was maintained. There was a greater increase in IAP with crystalloid (26.5 vs. 10.6 mmHg, p < 0.0001). Two patients in the plasma group developed IAP greater than 25 mmHg; only one patient in the crystalloid group maintained IAP less than 25 mmHg. More fluid volume was required with crystalloid resuscitation, 0.26 L/kg, versus 0.21 L/kg (p < 0.005). Correlation was seen in both groups between volume of fluid and IAP (crystalloid, r = 0.351; plasma, r = 0.657; all patients, r = 0.621).

Conclusion: Plasma-resuscitated patients maintained an IAP below the threshold of complications of intra-abdominal hypertension. This appears to be a direct result of the decrease in volume required. Lower fluid volume regimens should be given consideration as the incidence and consequences of intra-abdominal hypertension in burn patients continue to be defined.

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