90Y Labeling of monoclonal antibody MOv18 and preclinical validation for radioimmunotherapy of human ovarian carcinomas

Abstract

The monoclonal antibody (mAb) MOv18 binds the membrane alpha isoform of the folate receptor (FR) which is overexpressed in human ovarian carcinoma cells. Exploiting the targeting capacity of this mAb, we developed and preclinically validated a protocol for the stable labeling of the mAb with 90Y, an isotope which has shown promise in cancer radioimmunotherapy. MOv18 was derivatized with the stable macrocyclic ligand p-isothiocyanatobenzyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10- tetraacetic acid (Bz-DOTA). MOv18-Bz-DOTA conjugates were labeled with 90Y or 111In under metal-free and good laboratory practice conditions. At the optimal Bz-DOTA/mAb derivatization ratio of 4-5, conjugates maintained binding activity up to 6 months, were efficiently labeled with 90Y or 111In (mean labeling yield 85 and 64%, associated to a final mean specific activity of 74 and 37 MBq/mg) and displayed a mean immunoreactivity of 60 and 58%, respectively. The radiolabeled preparations were stable in human serum, with >97% radioactivity associated to mAb at 48 h after labeling. The ability of 90Y- and 111In-MOv18 to localize FR on tumors in vivo was analyzed in nude mice bearing tumors induced by isogenic cell lines differing only in the presence or absence of the relevant antigen [A431FR (FR-positive) and A431tMock (FR-negative)]. In vivo biodistribution in organs other than tumor was comparable in non-tumor-, A431tMock- and A431FR-bearing mice, whereas the median tumor uptake of the radiolabeled reagents, expressed as area under the curve (AUC) and maximum uptake (Umax), was significantly higher (sixfold to sevenfold) in A431FR than in A431tMock tumors (P=0.0465 and P=0.0332, respectively). Mean maximum uptake (% ID/g) for 90Y-MOv18 was 53.7 and 7.4 in A431FR and A431tMock respectively; corresponding values for 111In-Mov18 were 45.0 and 11.3. These data demonstrate the feasibility of 90Y-labeling of MOv18 without compromising antibody binding ability and the immunoreagent-specific localization in vivo on FR-expressing tumors, suggesting the suitability of 90Y-MOv18 for clinical studies.

Fig. 1

A MALDI-TOF profile of representative derivatizations with Bz-DOTA and values of molecular mass of conjugates calculated from the peak centroid of the the mono-protonated molecule (M+H)⁺. B Molar excess of Bz-DOTA and effect of L/P ratio on residual binding activity of Bz-DOTA-MOv18 conjugates as assessed by immunofluorescence analysis on live IGROV1 cells overexpressing the FR antigen. The functionality of the Bz-DOTA-mAb conjugates is given as % mean fluorescence intensity relative to that of the unmodified mAb

Fig. 2

Localization of ¹¹¹In-MOv18 in two representative mice bearing A431FR (final weight 0.58 g) or A431tMock (final weight 0.50 g) subcutaneously in the left flank region. Light image at 3 h (A) and immunoscintigraphic images at 3 (B), 24 (C), 48 (D) and 120 (E) h after injection. The same animals were used for all images. Thin arrow A431FR tumors; thick arrow blood pool

Fig. 3

Fitting curve used to calculate tumor uptake (U_max) of the mAb in A431FR- and A431tMock-bearing mice injected with ¹¹¹In-MOv18 (four animals for each time point)

Fig. 4

Biodistribution of ⁹⁰Y-MOv18 in tissue/organs collected at different time points from non-tumor- (A), A431tMock- (B) and A431FR- (C) bearing mice. Values are expressed as mean % injected dose/g ±SE in groups of three to five animals for each time point