Darbepoetin alpha as treatment for anemia in patients receiving chemotherapy: a single-center experience

Abstract

We evaluated Darbepoetin alpha (Aranesp; Amgen), a novel erythropoietic protein, in patients who developed anemia while receiving chemotherapy. Seventy-five patients (median age 62 years, range 40-81 years) undergoing different cancer chemotherapy regimens were treated with darbepoetin alpha. Therapy was started if hemoglobin (Hb) levels fell below 10 g/dl or if symptomatic anemia developed. Treatment effect was evaluated after 4 weeks, 8 weeks and at the end of therapy (up to 12 weeks). If no increase in Hb was seen after 4 weeks, the dose of darbepoetin alpha was increased to 300 microg. Patients were questioned about fatigue and any change during treatment, with evaluation according to a four-point scale, where 0 = no fatigue and 3 = severe fatigue. We observed a treatment response in 54 of 75 patients (72%). Dose escalation was necessary in 30 of 75 patients (40%) and blood transfusions were required in 13 of 75 patients (17.3%). Response was observed in 32 of 43 patients (74.4%) who had a baseline Hb < 10 g/dl and in 22 of 32 (68.8%) patients who had a baseline Hb > or =10 g/dl. At baseline, 60 of 75 patients (93.3%) reported fatigue of grade 2 or 3, but at the end of the 12-week follow-up period, only 26 of 68 patients (38.3%) reported fatigue at these levels. We conclude that darbepoetin alpha is a highly effective and well-tolerated drug in the treatment of chemotherapy-associated anemia. Patients benefited both in terms of Hb levels and control of chemotherapy-related symptoms.